Art Nouveau
Decorative and architectural style flourished in the 1890's and early 1900’s. The term comes from a gallery of interior design that opened in 1896 in Paris and was called Maison de l'Art Nouveau. In Germany, the same style was called Jugendstil, from the name of a magazine that was titled Die Jugend (= The Youth) and in Italy was titled Floreale (Floreale) or Liberty (by the namesake department store in London). Features decorative motifs are the vegetable shapes, such as the wrought iron entrances of Metro of Paris (works of H. Guimard). Such patterns were used in book illustration, and the applied arts (such as furniture and glassware to French artist Emile Galle and Louis Tiffany in the U.S.). The unusual projects (mostly for decoration of books) of A. Birntslef are perhaps the clearest example of the visual arts. As an architectural movement, Art Nouveau spread widely. Principal of its representatives were, Ts. P. Mackintosh and Antoni Gaudi in Barcelona, whose works are distinguished for their bold imagination. In the field of interior design, more famous artists of Art Nouveau were, Samuel Bing in Germany and B. Chorta and Ch. Van de Velde in Belgium.