Fauvism
The first, chronologically, of the great movements in painting of 20th century. The term was created by the critic Louis Vauxcelles, who spoke -on the occasion of the Autumn Salon of 1905 - about fauves (FR, fauves = wild beasts), referring to the Matisse’s work, Vlaminck’s, Marquet, Van Dongen, Rouo, etc. Under the influence of neo-impressionists, especially Van Gogh, the fauves were led to a real cult of color, which was treated as the principal element of each painting. The spot, violent colors, which are often used with a quite arbitrary way in an attempt to respond to decorative or even sentimental purposes, were the only common element of these otherwise quite different artists. The Autumn Salon of 1905 and the Salon of Independents of 1906 were the highlights of the movement, whose influence and radiation was soon overshadowed by Cubism. Duffy Friez, Braque and Metzinger also exhibited with them in 1906 and 1907.